(Father of C. A. Madsen)
who died in Echo Canyon, en route for Salt Lake Valley,
in the same company of handcarts that John A. Ahmanson crossed in
Andrew Jenson
Gunnison Feb. 1, 1904
April 23
The weather: beautiful, and the sea still during the night without
wind.
The emigration party consisted of 162 people and departed on the
steamship Rhoda from Copenhagen at 12:30 o’clock. Elder Ahmunsen was appointed
as leader of the company from Copenhagen to Liverpool by the president of the
Scandinavian Mission H. C. Haight. The saints were happy and bid a hearty
farewell to the saints in Copenhagen. When we had passed Dragor Elder J. A.
Ahmunsen called the brethren together below deck and gave necessary
instructions and teachings. He called Elders J. Larsen and J. Svensen as his
councilors and P. Madsen as his secretary. They were presented and unanimously
accepted. Closed with prayer. We passed Møens Klint as the sun was setting. The
company was happy and thankful, and a good spirit and order was present.
Rasmine Mortensen was sick for two months and suffered from an intestinal
obstruction. Mette Marie Madsen sick for six weeks and suffers from the ague
(cold fever).
April 24
The weather: beautiful.
We arrived in Kiel at 5 o’clock in the morning and departed on the
railroad train at 7 o’clock. We then arrived in Altona at 10 o’clock. Our agent
Mr. Bendegs, who showed us much care and solicitude, had secured space for us
at P. J. Carstens Shumager Aat Hous Grosburg Strasse no. 139 in Altona. We went
up into a salon with a large hall attached, and two rooms with tables and
chairs and several conveniences, where we stayed. Elder J. Ahmunsen called the
company together at 4 o’clock and gave the necessary instructions for
maintaining order and preserving a good spirit in love among the adults as well
as among the children. Elders Jens Nielsen and Priest J. Hansen were appointed
to maintain order. Thereafter Priest J. Hansen was ordained an elder by Elder
J. A. Ahmunsen. It was determined to gather for prayer at 7 o’clock in the
morning and at 9 o’clock in the evening.
April 25
The weather: beautiful.
At the prayer meeting talks were given about keeping order, and
about how necessary it would be for the parents to take care of the children.
The brothers and sisters visited Hamburg and made purchases of different things
that seemed to be good bargains. In the evening there was a gathering for
prayer. Elders Ahmunsen, Svensen, and Larsen gave teachings and warnings.
April 26
The weather: unstable.
The brethren were called to council at 10 o’clock by President
Ahmunsen who made it known to the brethren that 40 rigsdaler were needed for
running expenses. This came in by voluntary contributions, namely ___ 39
rigsdaler, 4___14___. The president then encouraged these who were in need of
help to make it known. Peder Jensen from Blangs then stood up and made it known
that he was in need of provisions for four persons. J. Sandberg also needed
help for one person. They were without money and needed provisions on the trip
to England. It was suggested and unanimously decided to provide P. Jensen with
3 rigsdaler and Sandberg with 1 rigsdaler. P. Mortensen offered to feed
Sandberg on the trip to England. Thereafter instructions and encouragement were
given to the company, and the council meeting was closed with prayer. There was
a payment of tips to the workers on the steamship which Elder Ahmunsen paid. At
12 o’clock our things should have been on board, but our host prevented it. He
presented a bill of 45 rigsdaler for boiled water and a room Ahmunsen and I had
stayed in. This unjust demand had to be met because the mayor was not available
to give justice. We left his unjust abode at 4 o’clock and gathered ourselves
by the dock and went on board the steamship Nordsøe at 6’o’clock. We took care
of our things and united in prayer at 10 o’clock. The above named account was
increased to 57 rigsdaler of which Mr. Bendegs paid 6 rigsdaler and Ahmunsen 51
rigsdaler. One rigsdaler and 3 ___ were spent for a taxi on this occasion, etc.
April 27
The weather: unstable, some rain and wind.
We left Hamburg at 5:30 o’clock in the morning and passed Glygstad
at 8:30 o’clock , and gathered for worship service at 10 o’clock. In the
afternoon the ocean was unsettled and caused seasickness among some of the
company.
April 28
The weather: clear sky with a wind from the north.
Some members of the company were seasick because of the ship’s
rolling motion in the foaming waves. We arrived at Gribsby, England at 10
o’clock. We stayed in the ship overnight.
April 29
The weather: dense clouds. With rain and wind.
The company went ashore at 6 o’clock in the morning and was greeted
by the brethren Elder Culhon and Elder Williams from Liverpool who accompanied
us to the emigrant house, where we received some refreshments. We were cheerful
and happy as we sang and prayed until 1 o’clock when we then left on the train
for Liverpool. At 1:30 o’clock we passed Barneby, at 1:45 o’clock Brigg, at
2:15 o’clock Grensburg, at 3 o’clock Radsfort, at 4 o’clock Jekfort. At 5:15
o’clock we passed through the large tunnel. At 6 o’clock we passed Grybsted and
then the large manufacturing city of Manchester. At 6:45 Resgods and then at 8
o’clock we arrived in Liverpool where Brother Richards, President of the
European Mission, Apostle and Elder, had made arrangements for the company for
lodging at Mr. Hammerstein’s place at no. 13 Carl Street, and Madamme N. The
company was treated to coffee and fine wheat bread with butter. We were then
shown to our sleeping rooms. The Brothers Hans Rasmussen and Anders Jorgensen,
who had come here before us, joined the company that now consists of 164
persons.
April 30
The weather: dense clouds.
The company fared well with a few exceptions, and these were later
relieved. Ahmunsen, Svensen, and Madsen visited Richards. Receipts and
obligations to the Emigration Fund were given to each of us, and we all agreed
to obey them as given by President Franklin D. Richards. All things pertaining
to the journey were put in order. The patient with the ague was somewhat
better, but Rasmine Mortensen was somewhat worse and almost out of her mind.
May 1
The weather: dense clouds.
Contracts were given to all in the company that had made themselves
ready to depart from Liverpool. We went on board the ship Thornton at 8 o’clock
in the evening. It is a large three decker from America, commanded by Captain
Collin. We joined a company of 608 English brothers and sisters who had boarded
the ship before us. All bunks or beds were arranged under the first and second
decks. We got our room under the second deck with good space. A cab that drove
the sick to the ship was paid 2 – 6--.
May 2
The weather: beautiful.
In the morning, we went out of the harbor and anchored in the river.
The company organized their belongings.
May 3
The weather: unstable.
At 12 o’clock President Franklin D. Richards and the brethren of the
presidency came on board. At 1 o’clock President Richards spoke to the company.
At 3 o’clock Richard and his following wished us well and bid the Lord’s
blessings follow us. This was answered with repeated cheers from the company
who was happy and thankful for the care that was shown unto us. Brother
Ahmunsen called the Danish company together and informed them that Elder
Willard was appointed by President Franklin D. Richards as the president of the
whole company on the complete journey to the valley. Elder Ahmunsen was called
as his counselor, assistant, and president of the Scandinavian group. He gave
several instructions, and he recommended that we keep cleanliness and order.
Provisions were handed out for seven days: bread, meat, pork, tea, and sugar,
oats, wheat flour, rice, etc. Water is given daily, as need arises. We have
enough and it is good, likewise with the cooking: at a set time and place. Some
tin ware was bought and distributed to those who could not pay, namely for:
|
|
shilling |
pence |
|
Jensen |
8 |
9 |
|
Jens Petersen |
2 |
9 |
|
Wiklund |
5 |
9 |
|
Sophie Pedersen |
6 |
9 |
|
Niels Hansen |
2 |
6 |
The advance expenses, 59 rigsdaler, 3___Income, 39 rigsdaler, 4___,
14___ that are balanced thus: 19 rigsdaler, 5___2___ exchanged for English
money in the amount of 2 pounds, 5 shillings ___. The presidency of the whole
company: President G. J. Willei, Councilors: Millen Adword, J. Ahmunsen and
Moses Clough; Captain of the guard: John Cheslett; Edward Griffiths; Clerk:
George May.
May 4
The weather: beautiful.
In the morning at 2 o’clock the anchor was hoisted and the ship was
towed out of the river by a steamboat. At 10 o’clock the Scandinavian saints
gathered for a worship service, and Elders Ahmunsen, Svensen, and Larsen spoke
to encourage us to be cheerful and to keep a good spirit in love and unity; and
to maintain cleanliness and order as an example for the English party. Hans
Rasmussen was then ordained to be a priest and Anders Jorgensen to a teacher.
The fine weather caused the company to be happy and enjoy themselves in song.
Four brothers played music and there was dancing on the deck. Allen M. Finlay
of the Bombay Mission, and Sister Ireland of Dundel, Scotland, were joined
together in the bonds of matrimony.
May 5
The weather: beautiful, good wind.
The president encouraged the Scandinavian saints to sing on the
deck. Some songs were sung to national melodies. Thereafter there was music and
dancing. Prayer is held morning and evening. At sunset it began to storm which
caused some seasickness among the company. The sick girl was put in the
hospital and fever patient is a little better.
May 6
The weather: rain and wind from the south.
The deck was scrubbed and washed. The saints hold prayer morning and
evening. Teachings and encouragement were given to keep order and cleanliness.
May 7
The weather: storm from the northwest.
We sailed with the wind all day and came a long way westward. Many
in the company were seasick. In the afternoon provisions were distributed to
the company: potatoes, rice, mustard, and vinegar. Cooking was done for the
sick who were unable to do it for themselves.
May 8
The weather: unstable.
This morning a large part of the company gathered on the deck. An
English sister 75 years old died this morning and was buried in the ocean at 12
o’clock. The body was wrapped in canvas and covered with the American flag. It
was carried out with ceremony by the brethren. President Willard gave the
funeral sermon and then Captain Collin read some verses from the Bible. The
body was then lowered into the ocean. At 4 o’clock provisions were distributed:
potatoes, rice, oats, mustard, and vinegar. The ship has a doctor who tends to
the sick with much care. Rasmine Mortensen, the 10 year old daughter of Morten
Rasmussen, who was born in Jerngyde August 25, 1846, died of infection. She was
buried in the same way as the English sister. Elder Ahmunsen gave the sermon.
May 9
The weather: rain and blowing, the wind westerly. Course: northwest.
The sick were better. The weather this evening was good and a large
part of the company was on deck. Twenty two young brothers were chosen to be
night watchmen by all of the stairways to ensure that no disruptions would take
place under both decks. They are on watch every fifth night rotating with the
English brothers.
May 10
The weather: unstable, wind westerly. Course: northwest.
The ocean was very rough, but not many were seasick.
May 11
The weather: clear sky, wind northwest. Course: north, northeast.
At 10 o’clock the saints assembled for worship service that began
with song and prayer. Elder Ahmunsen taught us and gave instructions on order
and cleanliness and four brothers were assigned to have supervision. In the
afternoon Captain Collin, Willard, several of the saints, and foreign
passengers visited below both decks with greetings and friendliness. The saints
were happy and the children played. Thereafter a large group of the party
stayed on deck and enjoyed singing and conversing.
May 12
The weather: clear sky, wind northwest.
Course: toward the southwest. The ocean is very rough: the lists for
water and provisions were given.
May 13
The weather: wind northwest.
Course: toward the southwest with little wind. The day was
reverently observed with worship and the whole company partook of the holy
sacrament. The gospel was preached by Elders Ahmunsen, Svensen, and Larsen.
President Willard spoke in the English language which Elder Ahmunsen
translated. The speech was about the world’s events from the creation. He
rejoiced over the Danish saints whom he blessed. Several songs were sung. Talks
were given. It was a fast day.
May 14
The weather: beautiful, wind west.
Course: northwest. Provisions given at 10 o’clock: potatoes and
pork.
May 15
The weather: unstable.
Course: north northwest.
May 16
The weather: windy, clear sky.
Course: southwest. At 5 o’clock northwest. At 8 o’clock prayer
meeting.
May 17
The weather: clear sky with wind.
Course: southwest, 5 o’clock north. Provisions were given: bread,
salt, potatoes, tea, sugar, flour, green peas, rice, mustard, and vinegar. At 8
o’clock we gathered for song and counsel. The four brothers who were appointed
to maintain order and cleanliness gave their report and said that the saints
were generally dong well. Some were asked to exhibit more cleanliness and
order, and to keep themselves off the beds as much as possible, and to go to
the deck more often. There were only a few sick and no one dangerously so.
Elders Ahmunsen, Svensen, and Larsen spoke a great deal on the temporal as well
as the spiritual things.
May 18
The weather: unstable, wind from the west. 12 o’clock northwest.
Course: 12 o’clock west. At 12 o’clock worship service. Several
brothers talked. Elder Ahmunsen spoke about giving better care to the seven
sick people. H. Rasmussen will give wine, and several will contribute what they
can for the sick. Much was said about the importance of caring for one another.
At 8 o’clock there were prayer and song, and talks by Ahmunsen and Larsen. It
was decided to have a fast day on Thursday.
May 19
The weather: storm, northwest.
Course: west. We rejoiced over the speed of the ship toward the
west. The sick were given refreshments. At 8 o’clock Elder Ahmunsen spoke with
reprimand to some families that were not orderly and clean. Orders were given
to the men in charge of cleanliness to maintain strict supervision so that
uncleanliness would not spread.
May 20
The weather: beautiful, wind still.
Course: west. At 7 o’clock we passed an iceberg and a damaged boat
that was not worth saving. As was decided for this day we had worship, prayer
and fasting. At 11 o’clock the whole company was on deck for worship service
which was favored with beautiful weather and refreshed the sick. Many talks
were given by President Willard and English brothers. Elder Ahmunsen gave
encouragement and instruction in how to keep the Holy Ghost, and to keep
the body clean, so that we would be pleasing to God and thereby enjoy
health and happiness on the trip. We were highly favored of the Lord, he said.
While the company was on the deck the rooms were washed, cleaned, and
fumigated. At 2 o’clock an easterly wind began to air them out. The greatest
part of the company went below to prepare the evening meal. At 5 o’clock
gathering the families that were not clean and orderly were spoken to and
warnings and admonitions given.
May 21
The weather: unstable.
Course: north; 7 o’clock west. In the night a fire broke out and
burned through the deck, but the Lord was with us, and the fire did not
overpower us. A boy from an English family who had hidden himself on the ship
was discovered. The lad left without permission and without a ticket. For this
reason he should have been punished and made to bear a wooden jacket or a
barrel, but since he was a member of the Church he was forgiven, and the two
pounds Captain Collin required for his passage were donated and collected. The
Danish saints gave three dollars. At 5 o’clock the president held counsel and
instructed the brothers who had watch at night to keep close supervision over
the young brothers and sisters, that no unauthorized association and coming
together would take place. It was discovered that it had happened among the
English and that unclean spirits were found that needed to be extinguished. To
the contrary, such unrighteous behavior was not found among the Danish saints.
At 10 o’clock Captain Collin ordered the whole company to go on deck for some
hours while the rooms were cleansed and aired. This was a necessity that had to
be done in order to prevent sicknesses that could be dangerous to the company,
such as cholera and other pestilence. He would therefore be very strict with
those who would not obey when they were able to do so. Yes, he would even use
the whip if that became necessary. But he did not wish to do so. The leaders of
the company were observant about this. On this occasion Elder Ahmunsen talked
to the council that was gathered and gave strict instructions to be obedient
which would lead to blessings for us. The account was read and it showed a
deficit that was to be collected in the morning. At 9 o’clock the council
closed with prayer. At 2 o’clock provisions were distributed: meat and pork.
Hannah Bayliss from Lye in Chelkatinas gave birth to a stillborn child. At 6
o’clock in the evening an American ship bound for Liverpool made contact, and
it was answered by Captain Collin.
May 22
The weather: unstable, northerly wind. 8 o’clock southwest.
Course: west. Voluntary offering came in for the water in Altona,
etc. 2 pounds, 10 shillings, 5 pence. From Lars Madsen 15 dollars—4 shillings—3
pounds. To the company three “English Stars” and an English paper; 1 shilling.
In the evening a heavy fog and a little wind from the northwest were present.
The gong was sounded and a bell was rung every minute to prevent a collision.
May 23
The weather: storm from the northwest.
Course: southwest. Captain Collin distributed fried potatoes.
May 24
The weather: severe storm.
The storm raged all day and night. The waves went over the ship and
broke the deck windows to pieces causing water to stream down into the rooms.
Only a few were seasick. An English brother fell down and was severely injured.
May 25
The weather: storm from the north. A very severe sea.
Course: west. This evening the stormy sea subsided somewhat. We held
worship service at 7 o’clock and thanked the Lord that He had preserved us, and
that no accident had happened either to the ship or the crew. This morning we
passed a ship that had lost its large mast.
May 26
The weather: beautiful, wind south.
Course: south until 4 o’clock, west. H. Rasmussen sick. At 10
o’clock provisions: bread, salt, potatoes, tea sugar, flour, green peas,
mustard pepper, vinegar. In the afternoon the whole company was on the deck.
Speeches were given by the English brothers and by Ahmunsen in English. Several
songs were sung while the lowest decks were cleaned and washed. At 8 o’clock
prayer. Brothers Ahmunsen, Svensen and Larsen spoke a great deal about the
uncleanliness that was discovered among some who would be closely watched. The
captain has given salve for lice to be used by those who are infested.
May 27
The weather: unstable, wind from the south.
Course: west. The company was ordered to go on deck but had to go
below when it began to storm. It continued all day long. At 7 o’clock prayer
meeting.
May 28
The weather: storm from the west.
Course: north; 3 o’clock southwest. At 2 o’clock provisions were
distributed: meat, and pork. The sick were faring better. Hans Rasmussen was
better and almost well. At 7 o’clock prayer meeting. The brethren gave
instructions on cooking and cleaning.
May 29
The weather: beautiful, still, the wind southerly.
This afternoon it blew. Course: west. The wind was good and the ship
made good progress. At 9 o’clock prayer. At 10 o’clock the whole company was on
deck while the rooms were washed and fumigated. In the afternoon we passed a
ship and three icebergs. Sophie Pedersen’s son Thomas, seven years old, fell
down from the top to the bottom deck. He was seriously injured, but all
possible help was immediately given by the doctor who thought the boy was out
of danger. This afternoon late at 6 o’clock an English brother had a
preparatory marriage or wedding that will be repeated in the valley. The ship’s
railing was draped with the American flag, and President Willard spoke about
the importance of marriage and joined the pair together according to the rules
given in the Doctrine and Covenants. After the wedding there was singing and
cheers for the bride and groom, for the company, and for Captain Collin who
arose and expressed thanks for the honor and rejoiced over the festive
occasion. He said he was an American citizen, that his forefathers had been for
several generations, and that he had that right also. He said that if several
couples wished to follow them on the same path, he would be happy. Repeated
cheers were expressed and also extended to the doctor who is held in respect by
the company. It is especially so among the English sisters who have given birth
to three children. Samuel Cook from Apperlie, Gloucestershire and Sarah Haines
from Twekesbury, Gloucestershire were married.
May 30
The weather: unstable; wind toward the south.
Course: west and south, a little east. Heavy fog all day and only a
little wind in the afternoon. Those who are going by financial help from the
emigration fund had to give assurance again that they would pay the fund back
either by work or money to support other peoples’ deliverance.
May 31
The weather: fog, wind to the south and the west.
Course: west and north. Heavy fog all day so that the bell had to
ring every minute. At 10 o’clock provisions were distributed: salt, bread,
potatoes, one egg, sugar, flour, grain, rice, vinegar, pepper, mustard and
peas.
June 1
The weather: beautiful; wind to the south and west.
Course: west and north. The day was celebrated in worship. At 11
o’clock the company was on the deck. Spiritual songs were sung by the English
and prayers offered up unto the Lord. President Willard gave a long speech with
regard to Christ’s divinity and he said that Joseph Smith was sent by God and
given the keys to the holy priesthood, which he administered until his death.
He gave the best testimony about this and said that sixteen years ago when he
was on a mission in American the people were less enlightened about spiritual
matters. He said that magnetism and disbelief abounded. The majority believed
that Joseph Smith was sent by the devil. Many teachings were given on this
theme. At 5 o’clock in the afternoon, the Danish saints were gathered for song
and prayers. Elders Ahmunsen, Svensen, and Larsen spoke. At sunset we passed a
large iceberg.
June 2
The weather: beautiful, wind toward the west and south.
Course: north toward the west. The company was ordered on deck in
the beautiful weather. Sewing was done on the tents that are to be used on the
trip. At 11 o’clock Sophie Pedersen’s son died, the one who fell down on
Thursday. Thomas Pedersen was born at Bernstof on November 19, 1848, and died
June 2, 1856. At 3 o’clock he was buried in the sea with the same ceremony as
those who had previously died. Elder Ahmunsen gave the funeral sermon and
Captain Collin read some verses from the New Testament. The captain stood forth
on the quarter deck and spoke about the trip. He said that we were 770 English
miles from New York, and if the wind blew as it had done all along, we would be
in New York Saturday by noon. At 2 o’clock Willard and Adfort spoke to us and
gave us instructions. At 8 o’clock prayer where Elders Ahmunsen, Svensen, and
Larsen gave sermons and said that we were to have three days stay in New York
before continuing the journey through American to the valley.
June 3
The weather: beautiful, wind toward the south.
Course: toward the west. The wind blew. Good sailing. At 11 o’clock
the saints were on deck and they sang and preached about the journey and how it
would be when they arrived in America. Experience will teach us: Prayer meeting
at 8 o’clock.
June 4
The weather: beautiful, no sailing toward evening. Wind toward the
east.
The company was on deck at 11 o’clock while the rooms were washed
and cleansed. Prayer meeting at 7 o’clock. President Willard was present. He
gave a speech in English and said that we were nearing the land that was
promised to the Latter-day Saints. It is the land that Adam and his children
inhabited until Noah built the ark there. After the flood it was uninhabited
for several hundred years until Jared, by the power of God, was led to it with
his family. See the Book of Mormon. Thereafter Joseph’s lineage was led to it
by the Lord and inhabited the land. The present Indians are his descendants.
President Willard explained that the Lord had revealed himself to Joseph Smith
and spoke to him about a religion he should embrace. This was the land the Lord
had sent his angels, Peter, James, and John, to; and they had laid their hands
on Joseph Smith and __________ and ordained them as apostles, prophets, and
seers in connection with the holy Melchizedek Priesthood with authority to
organize the Church of Jesus Christ. He spoke about the Church’s progress, and
that it would become the ruling Church on the earth. This speech was translated
by Elder Ahmunsen, and Svensen and Larsen assisted him. In the afternoon an
English sister died. She was ten years old. Provisions were distributed: pork
and meat.
June 5
The weather: rain and wind from the northeast.
Course: west. The sailing was good all day. At 5 o’clock the company
was called on deck and enjoyed themselves in song. A boy whistled along. At 8
o’clock prayer and English instruction. The English sister was buried at 12
o’clock noon with the same ceremony.
June 6
The weather: beautiful, wind toward the east.
Course: west. The sailing was good. At 11 o’clock the company was on
deck. At 12 o’clock potatoes were issued. At 8 o’clock there was a prayer
meeting and a gathering where Elder Ahmunsen spoke about what President Willard
had said, that he wished the sisters and brothers who were not able to pay for
the whole journey could be helped to get to their new home, since it would not
be good for them to remain behind in the states and they should be taken care
of.
June 7
The weather: rain and wind from the south.
Course: south, southwest. Good sailing. At 11 o’clock Elder Ahmunsen
called the brethren together and said that we were now so near to America that
we could see it if the air was clear. A ship would meet us and guide us into
New York. This would probably happen in the night or early morning. All our
things would be brought to the place where we would stay two or three days
until our journey would continue by rail. Those who went at the Emigration
Fund’s expense had nothing to pay, whereas those who went by ox train had to
pay for everything except for their lodging. He hoped that everyone would show
benevolence and helpfulness to each other, and have good order in all their
endeavors. An appeal was given to the brothers who had temporal means to help
the brothers and sisters home who did not. An English sister ten years old died
in the night and was buried in the ocean at 12 o’clock. At 3 o’clock provisions
were distributed: bread, tea, flour, grain, rice, peas, vinegar, mustard, salt,
and pepper. At 8 o’clock prayer meeting.
June 8
The weather: unstable, wind from the south.
Course: westward. Because of the request, there came in from Ole
Mikelsen 5 dollars, Ane Olsen 1 pound, Lars Madsen 3 pounds, Jens Nielsen ½
pound, Paul Jacobsen ½ pound, Johannes Svensen 1 dollar; all together 6 dollars
and 5 pounds. For Jørgen Andersen’s trip from New York to Chicago 25 dollars as
a loan for which he gave a bond. The note or letter was given to Priest Hans
Rasmussen and Teacher Anders Jørgensen. At 8 o’clock to 11:30, a prayer meeting
where all of the brethren were encouraged to express their feelings about any
complaint they might have, or things they wanted to talk about. Many spoke with
different feelings. Elder Ahmunsen gave instructions on the importance of
keeping the Holy Ghost with them. The deceptive spirit among the ancient saints
had caused many calamities and he wished that such things would not be found
among us to the displeasure of the Lord. This was supported by Svensen and
Larsen. To date, three births, two marriages, six deaths.
June 9
The weather: unstable, wind toward the south.
Course: toward the west. At 10 o’clock prayer. At 3 o’clock the
company was on the deck while there was cleaning and fumigating in the rooms.
President Willei and Adfort spoke to the company about the journey and said
that everyone should label their luggage with the name Iowa City, where the
whole company was going by rail. From there those who are to travel by ox train
will go to Saint Louis where the last immigration is awaiting them. At 8
o’clock prayer meeting.
June 10
The weather: beautiful; wind toward the south.
Course: toward the north and west. Labels for the luggage were given
out with the name Iowa City on them. At 11 o’clock the company was on deck. At
6 o’clock the land of America came into sight to the delight and happiness of a
deck full of people. At 8 o’clock a pilot came on board. Prayer meeting at 8
o’clock. An English child ______ years old died and was buried.
June 11
The weather: beautiful; wind toward the south, wind still.
Course: south. Many sea horses appeared on the water. In the morning
things were organized and labels were pasted on all the trunks and bags with
the address: To Iowa City, and the owner’s name. Thereafter, the whole company
was on deck. The ship’s officers and the presidency of the saints gathered
themselves on the quarter-deck with President Willei gave Captain Collin a
communication that he had authored. It was signed by the presidency and
expressed thankfulness from him and the whole company for the humanity, good
will, and care for their well being. For this, the saints prayed for heaven’s
blessings to be upon him and his family, and those who had taken part in the
ship’s guidance. This found much approval and was applauded by several cheers.
Captain Collin replied with much feeling, and presented a testament to Willei
wherein he expressed his feelings and gave the testimony that the saints
journey had been to his satisfaction, and that it had pleased him to see the
obedience the people had shown their leaders. No other company that he had led
to American could compare with them. He wished President Willei, Adfort,
Ahmunsen, and all those who took part in the leadership a happy journey to
their destination, and he hoped all would go well with them. This was answered
by the company with three cheers; and also three for the doctor, Adfort, and
Ahmunsen. Everyone was happy. At 8 o’clock prayer meeting and gathering to 11
o’clock..
June 12
The weather: heavy fog all day; wind still.
At 9 o’clock prayer. At 11 o’clock provisions were given out: pork
and bread. At 2 o’clock the saints were on deck to attend a wedding that was
announced but was delayed until 6 o’clock. The front side of the quarter-deck
was decorated with the American flag. The bride and groom with their attendants
passed through the cabin up on the quarter-deck and presented themselves before
the party. President Willei, Adfort, and Ahmunsen, and ______ arose on the
quarter deck in front of the bridal party in order to perform the holy
ordinance. President Willie talked about the significance and importance of
marriage and joined the bridal pair together according to the rules of the
Church. After the wedding Willei asked Captain Collin to speak. He then stood
up and congratulated the bridal couple and said that it would please him if
there were others who wished to be joined together in the short time that the
company had left on the ship. There was general applause and three cheers
expressed for Captain Collin, for the bridal pair, and for Willei. At 8 o’clock
prayer meeting until 11:30.
June 13
The weather: fog the whole day. Wind toward the south; almost no
wind.
Course: east and west. The bell rang all day. The company was on the
deck most of the day because the air had become so warm. Captain Collin
explained that the pilot had said that there was now such a heat wave in
America that its likeness had hardly been known before, and that the
thermometer had risen to 90 degrees. The type of scale measurement was not
mentioned. The dense fog was very unpleasant since we wished to see America
which was now very near. If there had been no fog we would have arrived in New
York today, but we hope that it will happen in the morning. At 8 o’clock prayer
meeting that lasted until 11:30. This evening a flashing light was seen every
minute.
June 14
The weather: unstable.
At 9 o’clock an American steamship of a peculiar appearance with
machinery on deck came into view. It took the ship Thornton in tow with its
great power and gave us good speed. This brought much emotion to the surface
among the company, who for the most part was on deck to view the land the Lord
had promised us, and where we shall obtain the gifts and exaltation that we are
promised if we continue to be faithful and obey the laws of heaven. We passed
the lovely land with elevated forests and cities where many large yards and
houses showed prosperity. Almost everywhere in the fields one could see groups
of trees and single trees. The summer homes were in a semblance of Gothic
style. The buildings were almost like those on Gamte Kongevej and Frederiksberg
Alle some miles distant from the city, the large city New York. At 2 o’clock we
anchored in the Hudson River next to the beautiful city. At 4 o’clock Captain
Collin left the ship and bid us farewell which was answered by Adfort and the
company with three cheers. The joy of the saints was great. Thereafter a
steamship took us and our belongings; and at 6 o’clock we left the Thornton
with feelings of thanksgiving to the Lord for the way he had preserved us and
led us across the large body of water and had kept a healthy and blessed
condition among us. Those who were sick are now well, and in this lovely land
they are happy. A very large barge with two decks, where 770 individuals and
our belongings were transferred to, transported us to Castle Garden. It is a
large building that houses several thousand people. It is in theater form like
a casino, though in a half circle with several thousand numbered seats and many
more standing places. It has a dome and on the roof a passageway that is large.
It is now used as an emigrant hotel. It has fine conveniences with running
water, baths, and wash rooms for ladies and gentlemen. It has cooking
apparatuses, and a cook who sells wheat bread, cheese, coffee, and milk. The
cost of these items is almost twice as much as in Copenhagen. At 10 o’clock we
received our beds located behind the benches and went to sleep after the day’s
events.
June 15
The weather: beautiful and warm.
The saints arose early and got dressed. We ate American bread and
coffee, milk, and water to our hearts content. We strolled on the balcony until
we got permission to go into the city. The gate was opened at [?] ___ o’clock
and a large part of the company went into the city to make purchases of
necessary items. At 9 o’clock Adfort called the English brethren together and
gave instructions for the next day. He said that everyone should be prepared to
depart when the orders were given. He thought it would happen tomorrow
afternoon. Thereafter, the Danish brethren were called together for prayer.
Ahmunsen gave the same instructions as Adfort and said that the journey could
happen tomorrow afternoon.
June 16
The weather: beautiful and warm.
We are all prepared for the departure and busy with packing our
belongings. The departure has been postponed until tomorrow morning. The day
was spent eating, drinking and visiting the city. It is so large in area that
it would require several days to cover it. One can travel on trains that cruise
around in the city or on large omnibuses drawn by two horses or mules which
depart almost every minute and on a swarm of smaller omnibuses. Small, very
neat carts, which I believe belonged to the nobility, pass one another on the
streets. Steamships sail constantly in the river transporting passengers who in
great numbers go to different places. They depart almost every minute. A few
are so large that they can contain several thousand people. To mention the
city’s remarkable sights and grandeur is not my intention. I will only add that
the prices for the things we buy do not compare to the prices in Denmark. One
half _____ of fresh milk costs here 12 _____. Danish wheat bread is more
expensive by 10 %, sugar 24 _____ for brown, 30 _____ for white, good butter 3
_____ per pound, 1 egg 3 _____, beer more expensive by 20%, coffee more
expensive, meat and pork more expensive. At 10 o’clock prayer meeting.
June 17
The weather: beautiful and very warm, both day and night.
The company is now busy shipping our belongings to the railroad
station where we will also be transported this afternoon. At _____ o’clock we
left Castle Garden and were taken by barge to the steamship. Our belongings
were weighed and transported to the ship that took us from New York at 7
o’clock down the river _________. It was surrounded by cliffs covered by trees.
Yes, there were places where country houses and towns were built with beautiful
gardens, and parks that gave the whole land a picturesque and lovely
appearance. At 10 o’clock we arrived at the train station _________. At 11
o’clock our belongings were transferred to the cars we boarded. I must add that
these cars were better constructed than both the English and Danish I have
seen. One had to go through all the cars. They were fitted with seats for two
persons on each side so that there was an aisle in the middle straight through
the car where one could walk. It was two feet wide. The passenger entrances
were at the ends but on the side so that one could board the train even if it
was moving. There were seats for 86 persons, a stove in the middle of the car,
and a toilet at the end.
June 18
The weather: rain showers, the air cool.
At 3 o’clock we passed ______ 20 English miles. At 4 o’clock
Middleton 80 miles. At 5 o’clock Port Jarvis 90 miles. We passed many large and
smaller cities. The country was sparsely settled, and there was almost no
farming for the first hundred miles because it was full of rocky areas with
small forests. The railroad line went along the ______ river with all its
bends. For the next hundred miles farming was more developed. The country was
more attractive with undulating mountains covered with large forests which gave
the land a picturesque, pleasant appearance.
June 19
The weather: beautiful.
The country is more settled and has considerable lumber business. We
now traveled along a mountain ridge that gave a fine view over the valleys with
a variation of forests and plains that were built up with nice, small places.
Farming was not particularly developed. In the small places there were large
fruit gardens. Small patches of forest were broken up and the earth plowed
between the stumps and planted with corn and wheat, but only a few potatoes. It
did not appear as if the ground was very fertile. There were many saw mills
driven by steam or horse power. At 9 o’clock notes of obligation were made out
to the brothers and sisters who had borrowed money in order to continue the
journey to S t. Louis, namely:
Jens Peder Nielsen from Paul
Jacobsen
$2.42
Ditto from
Jens
Nielsen
$2.42
Ditto from
Ole
Mikelsen
$1.91 $6.75
Marie Andersen from Ole
Mikelsen
$3.09 $3.09
Jørgen Andersen from [?]
Svensen $1.00
$1.00
Jørgen Andersen from Lars
Madsen
$1.00 $1.00
One
gift to M.
Andersen $.50
Jørgen Andersen from Lars
Madsen $14.52
Jørgen Andersen from Ana
Olsen
$4.83
The three pounds that Jørgen Andersen received from L. Madsen equals
$14.52 and the one pound from A. Olsen equals $4.83.
The plains were settled with nice small places. At 10 o’clock we
came to Dunkirk which lies by E _____. The city has good business and is
prospering. We were treated with fine bread, butter, and coffee. At 3 o’clock
we went on board the steamship that will take us to Toledo, and we departed at
5 o’clock.
June 20
The weather: beautiful.
At 9 o’clock provisions were handed out: bread and butter. The night
was spent on the deck and in the rooms. At 6 o’clock we came to Cleveland and
had two hours layover. At 8 o’clock departure to an island where fuel was
obtained.
June 21
The weather: beautiful.
At 8 o’clock we arrived at Toledo, a nice little town that lies in
an inlet 240 miles from Dunkirk. At 10 o’clock all of our things were brought
to the railroad station where we stayed until our departure. At 11 o’clock
provisions were distributed: bread and butter. The company visited the city
where they made purchases and enjoyed refreshments. We bathed in the river. At
5 o’clock we were placed in the cars, and they were like the previous ones. At
8 o’clock we departed Toledo through a flat land that was highly cultivated.
June 22
The weather: beautiful, very warm.
We passed through a flat landscape partly covered with woods, farm
land, and large stretches of pasture land. The farming here was better and nice
towns gave the region a well-kept appearance. We arrived in Chicago at 6
o’clock and were staying on a flat grassy lawn until evening. Our night
quarters were in a railway warehouse. Prayer meeting at 10 o’clock. The people
in this city are not good. They tried to disturb us. The below listed cash
balance 17_____17_____8 equals $7.52. It was agreed that the cash balance
should be distributed to the needy, mainly those who were going to St. Louis:
Jorgen Andreasen, $3.00
[?] Didrigsen $1.00
Jens Peder Nielsen $1.00
F. C. W. Gad $1.00
Marie Andersen, the rest $1.52 = $7.52
June 23
The weather: beautiful, very warm.
At 6 o’clock we left our last night’s quarters and camped on the
grass until we left at 2 o’clock and then moved back to our former quarters of
last night to wait for further orders. A number of English brothers and sisters
went to St. Louis. At 11 o’clock we departed by railroad. It was noted that the
23 individuals who were scheduled to go together with some of the English
sisters and brothers to St. Louis stayed behind. Because of being issued the
wrong tickets, etc. Some of the Danes were left behind at the departure
platform without any leadership. Brother Ahmunsen observed that the railroad
director had decided that they should depart the next day on a freight train.
Brother Ahmunsen was informed that it was against the railroad laws and
customs. He then contended with the director that those who were left should be
allowed to travel together with the English who had paid extra for better seats
since there were no emigrant cars available. He said that the Danes were poor
people he had helped support. This resulted in a gift of one pound from Mag
Nikel and Klava to the 23 Danes. The railroad director allowed them to
accompany the English who departed the same evening.
June 24
The weather: beautiful, very warm.
During the night, there was a very strong thunder storm with a heavy
rain shower. At 4 o’clock we arrived at ________ where we were detained until 7
o’clock in the afternoon presumably because of an accident with the train that
came before ours. A bridge over a stream collapsed with the weight of the
locomotive along with two passenger cars that contained Americans. Some of them
were hurt. The cars were greatly damaged and tipped over; but we came over the
repaired bridge. The place where we were held up was a stop for the locomotives
to take on water. There was a shop and a place where cakes and bread were baked
and food prepared. Milk was obtained from the farmers nearby. At 11 o’clock we
arrived at Rock Island by the Mississippi River where we spent the night in the
train. At 2 o’clock in the morning Hans Rasmussen’s daughter, Stine Rasmussen,
died. She was born in Ammedrup August 15, 1854. She was very weak for three
weeks due to teeth problems. She was buried on a hill in the state of Illinois
by _________ with several brothers and sisters attending. Brother Ahmunsen gave
the prayer.
June 25
The weather: unstable.
At 10 o’clock we left the train and were taken to a warehouse where
we stayed all day and night. Many people gathered outside and tried to disturb
us. In the evening the fear was so great that the brethren armed themselves
with loaded guns and swords. But it turned out to be a false alarm, and the
police dispersed the people. At 9 o’clock prayer meeting. At 11 o’clock
everything was quiet and our enemies were gone.
June 26
Weather: unstable.
In the morning the people prepared themselves to depart and left at
7 o’clock by steamship over the Mississippi River to ___________ that lies on
the other side of the river. Our stay in Rock Island was brought about by a
severe storm that had raged and driven the steamship against the bridge that
caught fire and burned part of it. This bridge contains the railroad line that
we were to travel on that same evening to Iowa, 56 miles from the river. We
arrived at 10 o’clock and had to lie in wait in the woods until we could depart
for the camp ground three miles from the city. Because of thunder and rain we
had to seek shelter in a building by the railroad where we spent the night
while the thunderstorm raged and poured down streams of water. Bought a cap for
one dollar. Bread was distributed. The 56 English miles to this area has the
most fertile and cultivated land, surrounded with nice cities and country
houses. Iowa is a nice little town from where the railroad tracks will be
extended through the Salt Lake flats to California. It has been sanctioned by
the government. At 9 o’clock prayer meeting.
June 27
The weather: unstable, alternating with thunder and heavy rain
showers.
Bread was distributed. At 4 o’clock we went to the camp where 900
brothers and sisters were staying. The sick and the children were transported
along with the hand baggage. Most of our trunks and sacks were transported.
Provisions were distributed per person as follows: 1 pound wheat flour, 2 1/2
ounces pork, 2 ounces sugar, 2 ounces dried apples, 1/4 pound coffee, 1/2 ounce
tea, and soda and soap. We settled in camp, cooked and fried our food.
Christiansen visited us. Brother Spencer is president of the whole company.
June 28
The weather: unstable, thunder with storm and rain.
Provisions were distributed for two days: flour, sugar, coffee, tea,
dried apples and smoked pork. The sisters began to sew tents and some were set
up. Brother Van Cott came here with a large herd of cattle, they say 400, and
they are destined to go on the journey with us.
June 29
The weather: beautiful.
Morning and afternoon we gather for worship. Many strangers were
present and there was good order. Prayer meeting at 8 o’clock. Van Cott, Bishop
Taylor and several others spoke and instructed us, and Chritiansen spoke about
the experiences he had gathered.
June 30
The weather: beautiful.
At 10 o’clock provisions were distributed: flour, sugar, dried
apples, coffee and tea, salt and smoked pork for two days. It was announced to
the handcart company that no person would be able to bring more than 17 pounds
per person on the carts. The remaining goods could be transported to the valley
for ______ dollars per 100 pounds by some of the inhabitants. Some people sold
their clothes in Iowa. I gave my things to the brethren in St. Louis who are
unable to come home. Sold flour to Line Larsen for 35 cents. At 8 o’clock
prayer meeting. Speeches by Ahmunsen, Christiansen, and Larsen were given
against grumbling, dissatisfaction and complaining which had crept in among
some of the company’s members who had not yet learned their duties and
obedience to God’s law and his servants. The 30th of June Christian Jensen’s
son Jens Christian Jensen died. He was born the 16th of August 1854 in
Pedersborg Parish, Hagerup Village, Sorø, Sjelland, Denmark.
July 1
The weather: unstable, thunder and rain.
The sisters and brothers who can sew are busy sewing tents and
thinking about what they are going to do with all the things they can’t bring
along. Some go to town and sell, and purchasers come into the camp. Prayer
meeting at 8 o’clock.
July 2
The weather: unstable, loud thunder with much rain.
Christiansen left us this afternoon and went on his mission to St.
Louis. We are happy for him and wished the Lord’s blessings upon him.
Provisions were distributed for two days: flour, sugar, coffee, tea, dried
apples, salt, and smoked pork. Tents were sown. Prayer meeting at 8 o’clock.
July 3
The weather: unstable, thunder and much rain.
In the morning our beloved Brother Van Cott left us and traveled to
St. Louis to purchase about 700 male and female cattle to drive to the valley.
He bid us a hearty farewell and wished us a good trip and he hoped to see us
again in Council Bluffs. He bade me greet the saints, the Danes and the
Scandinavians, whom he loved. In the afternoon tents were set up, and each tent
should accommodate twenty persons. At 9 o’clock prayer and song were held in
the tents.
July 4
The weather: beautiful.
In the morning we bathed in a little river or large stream which
crosses through meadow and woods. Here the sisters have a good opportunity to
wash and clean. The freedom that one has here is not known in Denmark. Several
hundred tønder of land, exceptionally good land, is just like our own property,
where our oxen and mules graze. In the woods we obtain the needed firewood to
burn as it is very dry. The company had shooting practice and assemblies in
order to celebrate the day that the North American people won their freedom and
a constitution.
July 5
The weather: beautiful; very warm.
At 8 o’clock some of the brethren went to Iowa with transport
handcarts loaded with bedding and other items to sell. Some went through the
city and sold a few items for a low price. Brother Ahmunsen, who was present,
had discovered an auction place and showed the brethren where it was and helped
with the sale there. The bedding was sold for 27 to 55 cents per pound. Linen
and clothing did not sell well. We have much to do to be able to dispose of our
surplus items in order to recover what was paid for the extra weight to this
place. I have to pay $8 for 105 pounds of weight. The freight from here to the
valley is so high that it has to be materials of good quality in order to pay
for itself. At 6 o’clock Sister Hageman gave birth to a son, who was given the
name Lars Larsen. She is doing well.
July 6
The weather: beautiful.
In the morning and afternoon we gathered for worship service. Hannah
Andersen who could no longer pay for her journey bid Brother Ahmunsen ask Lars
Madsen and Hans Rasmussen to loan her the needed money. She then received from
Lars Madsen 20 dollars and from Hans Rasmussen 20 dollars for which she signed
a bond or note. At the gathering Brother Ahmunsen gave teachings and
instructions.
July 7
The weather: beautiful, and very warm.
At 9 o’clock in the morning some of the brethren went to Iowa
pulling three handcarts loaded with bedding and clothing that was sold for 71
dollars. Some of the brethren went together and purchased a pair of oxen for
115 dollars and they intend to buy a wagon to transport their surplus goods to
the valley. The health of the company is good. To the contrary, it is difficult
to preserve a good spirit when many false teachings creep in. This causes the
authorities to have much to combat and watch over.
July 8
The weather: unstable, thunder and much rain.
Provisions were distributed and many orders were given to the
company, among which were orderliness and industry. In the evening part of an
English company arrived here during a rain and thunderstorm. The group numbers
800, who for the most part will travel with a handcart company. They were
cheerful and happy to arrive, and they were placed among all the tents and were
treated to coffee and bread.
July 9
The weather: beautiful; in the afternoon some rain.
Orders were given to pack up with our beloved Brother Spencer’s
return. He has prepared the way for us. We are happy that the time is near for
the journey to continue. We will gather experiences that will follow us into
eternity. The Lord will bless and preserve the faithful who will do his will.
July 10
The weather: unstable; thunder and much rain in the night.
The day was devoted to packing etc., and orders were given to depart
tomorrow morning. One handcart with a cover is given to each tent where there
are children who need to ride. The brethren who had gone together to purchase
oxen also purchased a wagon for $60. They received a loan of $50 from Lars
Madsen and agreed to pay him back when they arrive in Salt Lake City. An
obligation was signed with oxen and wagon as collateral.
July 11
The weather: unstable.
Preparations were made for our departure. The handcarts that were
delivered to us are well constructed and light. They have very strong wooden
wheels, four feet high. The ring or rim around them are made up of two steam
bent fellies fastened with iron tires. They have wooden axles that hold two
beams eight feet long with five matching cross beams. The carts are four feet
wide and weigh 60 pounds. They provide about sixteen square feet for five
people’s belongings that weigh about 85 pounds. Prayer at 9 o’clock.
July 12
The weather: beautiful.
The shareholders of the oxen and wagon weighed their belongings,
1000 pounds, and loaded them. Some of the brethren went into town to sell some
of their belongings. At 10 o’clock provisions were distributed for two days:
flour, pork, dried apples, sugar, coffee, tea, salt, and soda. Thereafter the
things we were allowed to take with us were weighed and put on the handcarts.
July 13
The weather: beautiful.
We gathered in the afternoon for worship service and partook of the
Holy Sacrament. Many strangers were present, but there was very good order in
the camp, and many instructions were given.
July 14
The weather: beautiful.
July 15
The weather: beautiful; much heat.
Provisions were given for one day, and the handcart company prepared
itself for departure. The Danish part of the handcart company numbers 93 people
with 4 of them being sick. They are divided into 5 tents; number 1 has 17
persons, and numbers 2, 3, 4, and 5 have 19 persons each. Each tent has 4
handcarts. One of them is a covered handcart for children. Lars Madsen loaned
me $10 which Brother Ahmunsen and I plan to use in obtaining necessities for
the company. I signed an obligation to repay him when we reach our home in the
valley. I received 65 cents from the brethren to add to the treasury.
Tent no. 1. 4 brothers, 12 sisters, 1
child.
Tent no. 2. 4 families, 5 brothers, 4
sisters, 10 children.
Tent no. 3. 4 families, 5 brothers, 4
sisters, 10 children.
Tent no. 4. 4 families, 6 brothers, 7
sisters, 6 children.
Tent no. 5. 4 families, 4 brothers, 4
sisters, 11 children.
July 16
The weather: beautiful.
At 7 o’clock part of the English and Danish divisions of the company
that will travel together across the plains moved. It consists of 5 sections
with 23 tents, and four handcarts with 19 to 20 persons per tent. Each division
has a wagon with 4 oxen to transport provisions, tents, and the sick. The group
moved a few hundred yards in the order the camp will be traveling. Each tent
was assigned a captain and the people under him. Provisions were given out for
one day.
July 17
The weather: beautiful.
Three Indians visited the camp and showed their skill in shooting
with a bow. At 7 o’clock the 5 divisions left the camp and marched for two
hours. At 9 o’clock we camped on the plain in a circle with 22 tents and 92
handcarts. One tent had to remain in the camp with 3 sick people who will come
later. Our provisions came along with the tents. The oxen found abundant
grazing—hay grass. The area is beautiful and fertile but sparsely developed. At
10 o’clock the signal was given for prayer and song in the tents. Guards were
posted.
July 18
The weather: unstable, later on in the day very hot.
At 4 o’clock President Willei blew the horn for everyone to get up
and put things in order. At 8 o’clock provisions were distributed: flour for
one day, sugar, pork, rice, soap, salt, and dried apples. After the prayer
meeting the horn sounded to move out. The company of 500 had 5 wagons with
provisions and tents. For the sick there was a wagon drawn by 4 mules, and for
the others 6 oxen. Brothers Willard and Ahmunsen drove the last two wagons and
had much difficulty in driving their oxen. The company was cheerful and happy.
One sick sister was brought along on a covered handcart. We traveled 10 to 12
miles. Those with the handcarts were anxious and tried to pass one another. At
3 o’clock we camped by a wood. At 5 o’clock Willei and Ahmunsen arrived with
their wagons after much exertion and danger in driving over the bad bridges and
the roads filled with holes with are found here. Rocks are seldom found. The
roads receive no improvement, and one drives where best he can, through fertile
plains and ranges. The country is wave-like with tree clad hills and sparsely
developed, yet much of the earth is under cultivation. It produces good crops
of wheat and corn. It is almost the only grain cultivated here. At 8 o’clock
the horn sounded for prayer and song.
July 19
The weather: beautiful.
At 4 o’clock the horn was blown to get up. At 6 o’clock prayer and
song. At 9 o’clock the company went on its way. At 7 o’clock camp was set up in
the forest 20 miles from Iowa City by a stream, a convenient place to bathe and
wash. The brethren Willei, Adfort, and Ahmunsen drove the oxen here. Prayer
meeting at 9 o’clock.
July 20
The weather: beautiful.
The company bathed and washed. An assembly was held in the
afternoon, and many strangers visited the camp. The saints were happy.
Provisions were distributed: flour for one day, coffee, tea, etc. for three
days. Lars Julius Larsen born July 5, 1856 was blessed by Elder Ahmunsen.
July 21
The weather: beautiful; very hot.
At 4 o’clock President Willei blew the horn for us to get up. At 7
o’clock prayer and departure. At 11 o’clock we camped in a wood by a brook
where we had a good opportunity to bathe and wash. In the evening some
strangers came and sought to disturb us and by threats tried to drive us away.
President Willei, who knew the people here in Illinois, made preparations and
called upon the brethren to arm themselves for battle; but our enemies found it
unadvisable and did not appear.
July 22
The weather: beautiful.
At 4 o’clock President Willei blew the horn to get us up. At 7
o’clock prayer and thereafter departure. At 1 o’clock we camped by a stream in
a wooded area where there was good opportunity to bathe and wash. At 6 o’clock
provisions: flour for one day. Prayer at 8 o’clock.
July 23
The weather: unstable, no rain, very hot.
At 4 o’clock the horn was sounded to get up. At 7 o’clock prayer and
thereafter departure. We rested a few hours on a hill until 6 o’clock and then
traveled to a wooded area where a small stream was flowing. We found water and
ample grass for the oxen. We arrived here at 8 o’clock. When the tents were set
up provisions were distributed: flour for one day, sugar, coffee, dried apples,
tea, pork, and salt. Prayer at 11 o’clock. The company traveled 14 miles. It
was difficult to keep the train together in the assigned order because many
tried to pass one another. Brother Ahmunsen must still drive the oxen because
no one else can yet be trusted to do it. The 5 sick and the 2 lame were driven,
1 on handcart and the others in the wagon.
July 24
The weather: beautiful; much heat.
At 4 o’clock the horn blew to awaken us and at 9 o’clock we had
prayer. Thereafter our departure. Here in this area people are more friendly
toward us. They give us milk, and we have bought wheat flour for 2 cents per
pound, about 4 _____ in Danish money. At 11 o’clock we camped in the woods by a
stream where there was opportunity to bathe and wash. About 2 miles from the
former place we passed a brick factory. Here they use only bricks for chimneys.
Although this area is very fruitful, it is sparsely populated. There are large
locust trees. The grapes and the plums here are used as a dessert. In most
places the wheat is bound and cut. Here is a beautiful people, and their homes
are neat and clean. There are powerful and strong blooded horses and a
_________ race. The cows and oxen are larger and more beautiful than in
Holstein; almost all red. Prayer at 8 o’clock. Brother Willei spoke much
against the wickedness that was discovered among the English people who would
be punished according to the law for milking srangers’ cows and killing their
pigs. An English sister died and was buried. Ole Madsen paid 15 cents,
Christensen paid 10 cents, Jens Nielsen paid 10 cents.
July 25
The weather: beautiful.
At 4 o’clock the horn sounded to get up, and at 6 o’clock prayer.
Thereafter departure. Provisions of flour for one day. We traveled 16 miles. At
6 o’clock we set up camp on the plain by a stream. Prayer at 8 o’clock.
July 26
The weather: unstable, with rain and thunder.
At 4 o’clock the horn sounded to get up. At 7 o’clock prayer and
then departure. The rain had soaked the ground so that it was difficult to pull
the handcarts. We traveled over 8 miles and camped by wood and brook.
Provisions: flour for one day, sugar, coffee, pork, etc. for three days.
July 27
The weather: unstable.
At 4 o’clock the horn sounded to get us up. At 7 o’clock prayer and
thereafter departure. We traveled for two hours and came to a wooded area. A
branch of the Mississippi winds through it. Here was a good opportunity to
bathe and wash. The area was very hilly with small wooded spaces and much
grass. In the afternoon we gathered for worship. At 8 o’clock prayer meeting.
Some strangers visited the camp.
July 28
The weather: unstable.
At 5 o’clock the horn was again blown to get up. At 7 o’clock prayer
and departure. We traveled through uneven country with many steep hills where
we needed all of our strength to be able to get through. The land is fertile
with a large wooded area, sparsely populated. Toward evening we passed through
Newton City, a new town, that in the last few years has come into existence.
Some distance away we camped by wood and stream. Prayer at 8 o’clock.
July 29
The weather: unstable.
At 4 o’clock the horn was blown to get up. At 7 o’clock prayer and
departure. The Danish part of the company was ordered to take the lead. I was
therefore the first person over the very much dilapidated bridges. Things were
difficult that day. Ahmunsen with his wagon was in danger. The bridges had to
be repaired etc., yet everything progressed, and all was well after the day’s
hardships. At 3 o’clock we arrived happy and well at the camping ground. We
found plentiful water and grass for ourselves and the animals by a little river
and wooded area. Provisions were distributed: flour for one day, sugar, tea,
coffee, salt, dried apples, and pork for three days. The provisions were
somewhat less. Prayer at 7 o’clock. Willei warned with much seriousness against
the disorder that was present.
July 30
The weather: unstable.
At 4 o’clock the horn was blown. At 7 o’clock prayer and then
departure. We traveled 18 miles. At 7 o’clock we camped close to ____ City. Our
oxen were tied to the wagons during the night. Around noon we traveled through
______ City, which also just recently has come into existence. The land is
fruitful and there are many large farms here. At 8 o’clock prayer.
July 31
The weather: beautiful, very hot.
At 3:30 the horn was sounded to get up. At 5 o’clock prayer, and
thereafter departure. During the morning we passed through ______ City, a
larger city with many nice homes. The inhabitants were also a nice people.
Through the city flows the _______ River by which we camped outside of the
city. Here we found water and plentiful grazing for the cattle, and here
purchases of the necessities were done. At 5 o’clock we camped by a stream and
small wood with good grazing. At 8 o’clock prayer. Some strangers appeared and
tried to disturb us so Willei gave orders that the brethren should be dressed
and prepared to come when called. The strangers did little more than make some
noises.
August 1
The weather: beautiful.
At 4 o’clock the horn was sounded. At 7 o’clock prayer and
thereafter departure. At noon we passed through _______ City. At 5 o’clock we
camped by a stream with a wooded area. At 8 o’clock prayer.
August 2
The weather: beautiful.
At 5 o’clock a call to get up. At 7 o’clock prayer and then
departure. We traveled far, and there was much unrest in the company. The bad
feelings showed themselves in words as well as deeds. The unrest and disorder
resulted because we had to wade across two rivers and had several hills that
were difficult to climb. At 6 o’clock we camped by a river in the woods near a
mill. Here we were visited by many strangers. At 8 o’clock prayer.
August 3
The weather: beautiful.
At 5 o’clock called up. At 8 o’clock prayer and then departure. In
the late morning we passed a wave-like terrain and observed a unique sight. A
beam of fire like a large rocket shot through the air and left a wide stripe
with wide dots that developed into small clouds that followed the flow of air
in the same direction as the beam of fire from west to east. A few minutes
later it was followed by a loud thunderbolt in otherwise completely clear air.
At noon we camped on a plain by a river and wooded area. We had there a good
opportunity to bathe and wash. A spring gave us the best drinking water.
August 4
The weather: beautiful.
We were called up at 4 o’clock. At 7 o’clock prayer and departure.
The region was very hilly and only sparsely settled. We camped by a wooded area
and stream. At 8 o’clock prayer.
August 5
The weather: beautiful.
At 4 o’clock a call to get up. At 7 o’clock we departed. We camped
on a plain where water and good grazing were found. Prayer at 8 o’clock.
August 6
The weather: unstable; thunder and rain in the night.
At 4 o’clock a call to get up. At 7 o’clock prayer. Thereafter
departure. Because of the rain the road was not good. Since we find no gravel
here we drive over black humus that in the rainy weather is very slippery. The
nights have for several days been very cold, and that has caused colds so that
we now have 12 people sick. Sister Jacobsen gave birth. A four month old sister
and a boy were very sick.
August 7
The weather: beautiful; the night very cold.
At 4 o’clock a call to get up. At 7 o’clock prayer, and thereafter
departure. During the noon hour we traveled through _______ City by a little
river where there were merchants who supplied us with necessities. At 5 o’clock
we camped on a plain by a stream and good pasture. Loaned Haugmand, Peder
Larsen 10 cents, Paul Jacobsen borrowed 10 cents.
August 8
The weather: beautiful.
At 4 o’clock a call to get up. At 7 o’clock prayer. After that
departure. At 4 o’clock we camped by a brook. At 8 o’clock prayer.
August 9
The weather: thunder and rain.
At 4 o’clock we were called up. At 7 o’clock prayer. Thereafter
departure. At 3 o’clock we camped on a plain by a stream. The area we passed
was very wave-like with steep hills and sparse population. Prayer at 8 o’clock.
August 10
The weather: beautiful.
The day was spent washing, baking, and cooking, and in worship until
4 o’clock. The company then left the campsite and traveled toward the west over
mountains and valley until 11 o’clock. We camped by a stream close to Council
Bluffs, on a plain by the Missouri River. At 8 o’clock prayer meeting.
August 11
The weather: beautiful.
At 4 o’clock called up. At 7 o’clock prayer, then departure. In the
late morning we traveled through Council Bluffs, a town that several years ago
came into being and seems to make good progress. It appears to be so because of
the fine location. In the afternoon we came to the Missouri River and were then
transported across it by steamboat to Florence, a town that has arisen this
summer. The place is notable because it ten years ago was known as Winter
Quarters for the Mormons who were driven from Missouri. They lived here until
they were again expelled and had to look toward the west where they found rest
in the mountain valley where they established a city. We have here a supply
house for the storage of provisions and other necessities for the emigration.
We are going to stay here for several days so we can rest and prepare ourselves
for the journey through the desert. Towards evening we camped by the river and
the woods and found here good grazing for the cattle and for several hundred
cows and oxen Brother Van Cott had purchased and brought here to supply the
emigration. 520 cows and heifers and 123 calves. 3000 Mormons built a city they
called Winter Quarters and which they left the next spring and lost 300 people
who died there.
August 12
The weather: beautiful.
The saints were happy and occupied with washing and repairing
things. The daily provisions are now distributed regularly. A cow was
slaughtered and distributed. Fresh meat soup was eaten. We bathed and visited
the beautiful surroundings and the Mormon ruins. In the evening five brothers
and sisters were baptized. (The sick were washed.) namely Peder Jacobsen, Ane
K. Jacobsen, Petrea Madsen, Marie Andersen and Ellen Nielsen. They were
baptized by Wicklund. At 8 o’clock prayer.
August 13
The weather: beautiful.
At 7 o’clock prayer. Brother Van Cott came back and had found the
lost cows. We were happy to see him and in particular because he told me that
he had thought about me a great deal and requested that I should drive his
wagon which after I received with thanksgiving. Documents were handed out and
signed by the company and given to Daniel Spencer as insurance for provisions
etc. At 8 o’clock prayer. Ane Andersen renewed her covenants and was baptized
by Jens Nielsen.
August 14
The weather: beautiful.
At 7 o’clock prayer. Provisions are given daily. The wagons were
loaded with provisions for the trip. All the wagons and handcarts are looked
after and repaired and the tents are inspected and repaired. Anxiousness is
displayed by the whole group who will continue on with the handcart company,
over what weapons and ammunition they should take with them. Some of the
English brothers and sisters are staying back here, and two from the Danish
part of the company, namely Niels Hansen and his wife Anne. C. Hansen. They
have found a place in Council Bluffs where many apostate Mormons are staying
and who seek to draw others with them. They say that high earnings are given.
Rasmussen from Regnegade and his wife live here. (She has been excommunicated.)
He visited us and said that he earns 2 dollars, room and board per day. Ane K.
Mortensen renewed her covenant and was baptized by Wicklund.
August 15
The weather: beautiful.
Prayer at 7 o’clock. A cow was slaughtered and distributed. Niels
Hansen came back to get his things. He owes Elder Ahmunsen 10 spesier that he
can’t pay. After being admonished to pay he gave a pocket watch valued at 4
spesier and a note for a share in two oxen and a wagon in the amount of 6
spesier, also the same to Ole Madsen for 1 dollar. Extra meat for soup was
given to the sick, and added were herbs for 50 cents which was taken from the
possessions of Maren Hansen. Prayer at 8 o’clock. At 7 o’clock this morning
Maren Hansen, 52 years old, died and was buried the next day. Her possessions
were recorded and kept safe.
August 16
The weather: beautiful.
Prayer at 7 o’clock. Maren Hansen’s possessions were distributed
among the poor. Measurements of the feet of those who needed shoes were taken,
and those who had shoes that were too small were given to the ones who could
fit them. The others will instead get new shoes. The repaired handcarts were
delivered. The Danish company received 15 open and 4 covered handcarts. In the
afternoon two English companies left the camp for the next camp 6 miles away.
The four English companies are considerably reduced. _______ individuals stayed
behind in Florence, and thus the whole company now number _______ individuals,
_______ English and _______ Danish. _______ American families who have stayed
here for a while with their oxen and wagons would like to travel through the
desert with us. The oxen were chosen, 8 to a wagon, and 20 milk cows with their
calves were chosen. They shall give us milk and meat on the journey. At 8
o’clock prayer. At 7 o’clock the dead Maren Hansen was driven out to the Mormon
graveyard where 10 years ago 300 Mormons were buried. She was accompanied by 8
brethren. Willei gave the prayer before the body was lowered into the grave,
and then the ceremony ended.
August 17
The weather: unstable.
At 8 o’clock prayer, and at 11 o’clock we departed the campground at
Florence and traveled 6 miles west. We camped by a stream where we found good
water and good grazing for the cattle. We united with the two companies who had
left yesterday before us. We are now in the desert, or wilderness, a wave-life
country without woods, only a few trees. The soil is of exceptional quality and
produces the best grass varieties. It is rich in humus, clay, and lime and is
good for raising wheat. At 8 o’clock prayer meeting. Brother Ahmunsen spoke and
gave instructions and warning to those who were slovenly in their work. Ole
Madsen borrowed 20 cents for hooks and lines.
August 18
The weather: unstable.
At 4 o’clock we were called up. At 8 o’clock prayer. Several orders
were given about arrangement of our belongings. New footwear was distributed to
the needy. In the afternoon we traveled 6 miles and camped by a steam. At 8
o’clock prayer meeting. Sister Petrea Caroline Jensen born in Frederikstad,
Norway August 12, 1831, who has stayed in America
in _______ is now accompanying the Danish group to the valley.
August 19
The weather: beautiful.
At 4 o’clock we were called up. At 7 o’clock prayer, and thereafter
departure. At 11 o’clock we arrived at the ferrying place by the Elk Horn River
______. A merchant had settled himself down here and had supplied the travelers
with merchandise they could use. The company supplied themselves with the
needed necessities. In the afternoon we were taken across on the ferry and
traveled 1 mile from the river. We camped by a stream where we found good water
and good grazing.
August 20
The weather: beautiful.
At 4 o’clock Brother Willei blew the horn for us to get up. At 7
o’clock prayer and then departure. We now traveled over the plains, a flat land
like Amager, several miles wide where the Platte River runs through it. Toward
the south and the north the terrain was wave-like in form. At 12 o’clock lunch
for 2 hours. At 7 o’clock we camped by the Platte River. We met a party with
wagons and horses and some carrying packs. Part of the party was on horseback
and some in nice wagons. They said that they had come from California and had
passed Deseret and Salt Lake.
August 21
The weather: beautiful.
At 5 o’clock the horn sounded to get up. At 7 o’clock prayer and
then departure. At 12 o’clock lunch for 2 hours. At 8 o’clock we camped in the
desert without water and firewood. At 9 o’clock prayer.
August 22
The weather: beautiful.
At 4 o’clock the horn blew. At 5 o’clock departure. At 8 o’clock
breakfast by the river. At 1 o’clock lunch. We camped by the river at 7 o’clock
after we had traveled 18 miles. At 9 o’clock prayer.
August 23
The weather: beautiful.
At 4 o’clock the horn sounded to get up. At 6 o’clock prayer and
then departure. At the noon hour we came to the ferry place and began the
crossing which took all afternoon. In the meantime a cow and a calf were
butchered and distributed at one pound per person. We camped by a river and a
wooded area with good grazing. At 8 o’clock prayer.
August 24
The weather: beautiful.
At 4 o’clock the horn sounded to get up. At 7 o’clock prayer and
thereafter departure. We traveled 23 miles and had 4 hours rest during
breakfast and lunch. At 7 o’clock we camped by the river. At 8 o’clock prayer.
August 25
The weather: unstable with rain and wind.
At 4 o’clock the horn was blown. At 7 o’clock we had prayer and then
departure. We traveled 18 miles and came over a mountain and a sandy terrain
which made us very late. At 7 o’clock we camped by the river. The cow whose
calf was taken from her had run away and taken two others with her. One was
found, but two were lost.
August 26
The weather: beautiful
At 4 o’clock the horn blew to get up. At 7 o’clock prayer and
thereafter departure. We traveled 12 miles and camped at 2 o’clock by the
river. We found tracks of wolves and other animals along the way. Buffalo were
here in the area, and we are waiting and looking forward to enjoying buffalo
steak soon. At 8 o’clock prayer. At 9 o’clock council meeting. By unanimous
vote it was accepted that the presidents in turn would have supervision along
with the guards, each half a night at a time, and that those who had weapons
should be prepared to assemble themselves when the signal was given on the horn
in the event the Indians would seek to rob us of something.
August 27
The weather: beautiful.
At 4 o’clock the horn blew to get up. At 6 o’clock prayer and then
departure. Later we stopped at a water park or watering hole. At 11:30 we
rested on the heath and had lunch there. We traveled until 6 o’clock through
the sandy desert land for 18 miles with great difficulty. In the late morning
we met 3 wanderers who said that in two days we would see a big herd of buffalo
etc. We camped here. These three men were deserters from a fort where the
government has soldiers in order to have supervision over the Indians that
might attack the travelers who come this way to and from California and the
Utah territory. At 8 o’clock prayer.
August 28
The weather: beautiful, and in the night thunder and rain.
At 4 o’clock the horn sounded to get up. At 6 o’clock prayer.
Thereafter departure. At 11 o’clock to 1 o’clock lunch by a stream _______. We
then traveled over the plains to the stream _______ where we arrived at 7
o’clock and set up camp. Here we saw the first buffalo but didn’t have time to
hunt them because we sought to reach the campground before nightfall. At 9
o’clock prayer.
August 29
The weather: unstable.
Prayer at 7 o’clock. Several of the brethren were sent out in search
of an old Englishman who had failed to appear and had to spend the night in the
open while it was raining and thundering. They found him and he was able to
ride back. The carts that needed repairs were mended and put into shape in the
morning. At 12 o’clock we left the camp and traveled towards the Indian camp.
We met many who came toward us with friendliness and followed us to the camp, 1
mile from the Indian camp, where we stayed overnight. We camped at 3 o’clock
and the Brothers Willei, Adfort, Savage, and Ahmunsen presented the Omaha
tribe’s chief with presents and paid their respects. They received dried
buffalo meat from him. Ahmunsen gave him an old dilapidated night cap. The
chief gave him a tobacco pipe to smoke and was very friendly towards the
brethren. The tribe in the camp number 800 individuals. They told the brethren
that an Indian tribe, the Cheyenne, had killed 2 men and 1 child on Monday the
25th of August from Secretary Babbit’s company of 4 loaded wagons
headed for Utah. These were scattered with the goods and the oxen driven away.
Secretary Babbit drove into the camp where he stayed overnight. At 8 o’clock
prayer. Secretary Babbit, who had driven from Florence in 4 days, said that the
wagon company had arrived in Florence in _______ and that all seemed well.
Hansen had detained them in Council Bluffs and had engaged an attorney or
confidential clerk with a demand to get his things back.
August 30
The weather:
At 4 o’clock a call to get up. At 7 o’clock prayer and then
departure. Early in the morning many Indians appeared in the camp to trade with
us. We received dried buffalo meat and shoes (moccasins) in exchange for
handkerchiefs and various clothing. I received a pair of moccasins for
handkerchiefs. About 2 miles from camp, we traveled past the place where
Secretary Babbitt’s 4 wagons were plundered and 2 _______ were killed by the
Indians. They were angry because, as we were informed, the Indians had taken
away some mules and were therefore pursued by the military the United States
government had stationed in Losfort in order to keep them under observation and
to keep peace along the route. The military overtook them and shot 16 Indians.
They became furious and sought to revenge them. Babbit who is Secretary in Utah
and is paid by the states _______. He is not a Mormon. Neither are his people
who drove the wagons. The dead were buried. Some of their things were scattered
about the place and were bloody. The brethren assumed that they were murdered
in their beds. Except for a few items everything else was burned. During the
noon hour there was a hunt that two brothers, Savage and _______ organized and
carried out on horseback. We thought they were hunting buffalo, but was 2 of
Babbit’s oxen held together with a yoke. At 5 o’clock we camped by a stream.
August 31
The weather: beautiful.
The horn was blown at 4 o’clock. At 7 o’clock prayer, and then
departure. During the morning hours we met 4 gold diggers from California who
told us that they had passed by Utah territory and that everything was well
there etc. They were riding and had 4 race horses that carried some of their
things. Thereafter Babbit came driving 4 mules in full character and went to
the fort. Willei shot a large rattlesnake. We traveled 20 miles and camped at 5
o’clock by the Platte River where we bathed and washed and had good water and
grazing for the oxen. At 8 o’clock prayer.
September 1
The weather: beautiful.
At 4 o’clock the horn sounded. At 6 o’clock prayer. Departure ½ hour
thereafter. We saw several buffalo; one was shot some miles away and brought to
the camp the same evening. A cow was slaughtered. We camped by a stream at 5
o’clock. Prayer at 8 o’clock.
September 2
The weather: beautiful.
At 4 o’clock up. At 8 o’clock prayer. At 9 o’clock departure. The
meat was distributed: 3/4 pound cow and 1 1/2 pound of buffalo per person.
Likewise provisions were distributed: sugar, coffee, tea, salt, soap, rice,
etc. for 6 days. 1 pound fine flour per person per day. Lunch time from 1 to 3
o’clock. In the afternoon we only traveled 2 miles because the crossing over
the stream was bad. The delay caused us to set up camp by the same stream an
hour later because we couldn’t reach the next camping place that day. Some
dissatisfaction and unwillingness among the brethren regarding the distribution
of items among the handcarts made Brother Ahmunsen decide that all the many
items and materials should be weighed and 6 person’s things placed in each
handcart. Here we found fuel in abundance and good water and grazing.
September 3
The weather: beautiful.
Up at 4 o’clock. Prayer at 7 o’clock. At 8 o’clock departure. We
traveled several miles over hill and dale and saw buffalo by the thousands.
During the noon hour Ole Madsen shot a large buffalo and an English man
another, and both were distributed, about 2 pounds per person. From 12 to 3
o’clock lunch. At 6 o’clock we camped by a little stream. At 8 o’clock prayer.
An old English sister was buried before departure.
September 4
The weather: unstable, in the night heavy thunderstorm and rain.
Up at 4 o’clock. At 7 o’clock prayer. Some oxen had disappeared
during the night, and the brethren were sent out to find them. Shortly
thereafter Secretary Babbit came along and said that he this day, 20 miles from
here, had passed Brother Wolley’s company with Smoot wagons from Kansas. Some
Danish people were among them. Council meeting and prayer at 8 o’clock. During
the night a storm raged with strong hurricane like winds that threw some of the
tents down and brought much disturbance.
September 5
The weather: unstable with cold air.
At 7 o’clock prayer. Then a council was held and it was determined
that Elder Christensen as captain of some of the Danish brethren was to be sent
out to find the 22 oxen who had disappeared. They were not found. In the
evening the brethren came back. Bishop Smoot and Rockwell visited us and told
us that their company was camped on the other side of the Platte River, and
they were willing to carry some of our flour. At the council in the evening, it
was decided that the train should move tomorrow morning in two divisions. The
first was to come back in order to get the wagons and give help to the second
train. Prayer at 8 o’clock.
September 6
The weather: unstable.
At 5 o’clock a call to get up. At 8 o’clock prayer. Elders Ahmunsen
and Christensen preached about repentance from the wickedness that prevailed
here, or the Lord’s punishment which now had begun would bring death and
destruction on us. At 10 o’clock in the morning the first division, 3 sections
and 7 wagons, moved 4 miles to the side of the river. In the afternoon, 2
sections with 5 wagons moved. We camped at 5 o’clock. Prayer at 9 o’clock.
September 7
The weather: beautiful.
At 5 o’clock a call to get up. At 8 o’clock prayer. Before prayer a
council was held and it was decided that the handcarts should be loaded with
sacks of flour and tents from the wagons. These 5 wagons should then be drawn
with 12 oxen and the best cows. This would have to be done in order to continue
the journey with the strength we have left. We are not able to move very fast,
but it’s necessary that we move as fast as possible in order to travel across
the vast wilderness, where we are surrounded by wild people and animals. At 10
o’clock worship service was held where we received instructions and
encouragement. In the afternoon the handcarts were repaired and put into the
very best condition possible.
September 8
The weather: beautiful.
At 5 o’clock a call to get up. At 8 o’clock prayer. An American came
riding and told us that a few days ago he had camped with his family, 6 in
number, about 70 miles from here and had gone out to hunt for buffalo.